Panax Notoginseng
Research reviewed: 2025-2026
Panax Notoginseng (Panax notoginseng (Tienchi Ginseng / San Qi)) is a dietary supplement with 14 published peer-reviewed studies involving 59 participants, researched for Cardiovascular & Blood Pressure, Anti-platelet & Cerebrovascular Effects, Heart Health and 2 more areas.
Evidence at a Glance
Strength is scored by study design, sample size, study type, and outcomes
Cardiovascular & Blood Pressure
ModerateAnti-platelet & Cerebrovascular Effects
ModerateHeart Health
ModerateImmune Support
ModerateCognitive Function
ModerateResearch Visualised
Visual breakdown of the clinical data.
Study Quality Breakdown
What types of studies were conducted
Participants Per Study
Larger samples = more reliable results
Research Timeline
When the studies were published
All Studies
Detailed breakdown of each trial. Click to expand.
Cardiovascular & Blood Pressure
To evaluate oral Panax notoginseng preparations for coronary heart disease outcomes.
Study Type
Systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Purpose
To evaluate oral Panax notoginseng preparations for coronary heart disease outcomes.
Dose
Oral PNS preparations (various doses)
Participants
Multiple RCTs (total >1,500 patients)
Duration
Various
Results
Oral Panax notoginseng significantly alleviated angina pectoris symptoms and improved ECG readings compared to conventional therapy alone. However, no significant reduction in major cardiovascular events was demonstrated. Evidence quality was moderate; larger confirmatory trials are needed.
How They Measured It
Angina pectoris improvement, cardiovascular events, ECG changes, adverse events
To investigate how Panax notoginseng and its components decrease hypertension via endothelial-dependent vasodilation.
Study Type
Experimental study — vascular mechanism
Purpose
To investigate how Panax notoginseng and its components decrease hypertension via endothelial-dependent vasodilation.
Dose
Ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 from P. notoginseng
Participants
In vitro and animal vascular model
Duration
Various
Results
P. notoginseng components significantly reduced blood pressure in hypertensive animals via stimulation of eNOS and endothelial NO release. Rb1 and Rg1 ginsenosides were identified as the primary active components for vasodilation. Results mechanistically support clinical antihypertensive effects.
How They Measured It
Aortic ring relaxation, eNOS phosphorylation, NO production in endothelial cells
To comprehensively review the protective effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on cardiovascular diseases.
Study Type
Systematic review
Purpose
To comprehensively review the protective effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on cardiovascular diseases.
Dose
PNS injection and oral preparations
Participants
Multiple experimental and clinical studies reviewed
Duration
Various
Results
PNS demonstrated cardioprotective effects including anti-ischaemic, anti-arrhythmic, anti-atherosclerotic, and antithrombotic properties across multiple experimental models. Clinical RCT evidence for cardiovascular endpoints is encouraging but requires larger, more rigorous trials for definitive conclusions.
How They Measured It
Review of experimental studies on heart protection, arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, platelet aggregation
To assess PNS injection combined with conventional treatment for unstable angina pectoris.
Study Type
Randomised, controlled trial
Purpose
To assess PNS injection combined with conventional treatment for unstable angina pectoris.
Dose
PNS 400 mg/day IV infusion combined with standard antianginal therapy
Participants
120 patients with unstable angina
Duration
14 days
Results
PNS + standard therapy significantly reduced angina frequency and duration compared to standard therapy alone. Nitrate consumption decreased. TC and TG showed modest improvements. CRP was significantly reduced, suggesting anti-inflammatory cardioprotection.
How They Measured It
Angina frequency, duration, nitrate consumption, ECG changes, lipid panel
Anti-platelet & Cerebrovascular Effects
To assess the efficacy and safety of Panax notoginseng saponin injection for coronary heart disease.
Study Type
Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Purpose
To assess the efficacy and safety of Panax notoginseng saponin injection for coronary heart disease.
Dose
Various PNS injection doses
Participants
1,881 patients across 20 RCTs
Duration
Various
Results
PNS injection significantly improved clinical outcomes in coronary heart disease including angina relief and ECG normalisation. Anti-inflammatory effects (CRP reduction) were consistent. Safety profile was acceptable with minor adverse events. Results support PNS as a complementary CHD therapy.
How They Measured It
Pooled cardiovascular events, CRP, angina improvement, adverse events from 20 RCTs
To evaluate Panax notoginseng saponins on platelet aggregation and coagulation in patients with coronary artery disease.
Study Type
Randomised, double-blind, controlled
Purpose
To evaluate Panax notoginseng saponins on platelet aggregation and coagulation in patients with coronary artery disease.
Dose
100 mg PNS three times daily
Participants
80 patients with stable coronary artery disease
Duration
4 weeks
Results
PNS significantly inhibited ADP-induced and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. PT was modestly prolonged. Fibrinogen was unchanged. The anti-platelet effects of PNS may contribute to its cardiovascular benefit in preventing thromboembolic events.
How They Measured It
Platelet aggregation (ADP- and collagen-induced), PT, APTT, fibrinogen
To evaluate PNS efficacy for ischaemic stroke based on RCT evidence.
Study Type
Systematic review and meta-analysis
Purpose
To evaluate PNS efficacy for ischaemic stroke based on RCT evidence.
Dose
Various PNS preparations (injection and oral)
Participants
Multiple RCTs (>2,000 stroke patients)
Duration
2–8 weeks
Results
PNS significantly improved neurological function scores and activities of daily living in ischaemic stroke patients compared to conventional treatment alone. Anti-platelet, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms were cited. Evidence quality requires further large, independent confirmatory trials.
How They Measured It
Neurological function scores, activities of daily living, adverse events pooled from RCTs
To assess notoginsenoside R1 (unique P. notoginseng saponin) on cardiac fibrosis and remodelling in heart failure.
Study Type
Randomised, controlled trial
Purpose
To assess notoginsenoside R1 (unique P. notoginseng saponin) on cardiac fibrosis and remodelling in heart failure.
Dose
Notoginsenoside R1 (20 mg/kg in animal model equivalent)
Participants
Animal model + ex vivo human cardiac tissue
Duration
8 weeks
Results
Notoginsenoside R1 significantly reduced cardiac fibrosis and TGF-beta expression in heart failure models. Cardiac function improved on echocardiography. The finding suggests a unique cardioprotective mechanism of P. notoginseng beyond platelet inhibition and blood pressure effects.
How They Measured It
Echocardiography, collagen deposition markers, TGF-beta, cardiac MRI
To document the real-world cardiovascular effects of long-term Panax notoginseng use in a Chinese hospital cohort.
Study Type
Observational prospective study
Purpose
To document the real-world cardiovascular effects of long-term Panax notoginseng use in a Chinese hospital cohort.
Dose
Standard clinical PNS dose (600 mg/day oral)
Participants
320 patients with cardiovascular risk factors
Duration
12 months
Results
Long-term PNS use was associated with significant reductions in blood pressure (SBP −8 mmHg), TC, and platelet aggregation rates. No serious adverse events. Results support the multi-target cardiovascular benefits of Panax notoginseng in a real-world clinical setting.
How They Measured It
Blood pressure, lipid panel, platelet function, adverse events over 12 months
Heart Health
Protocol for a randomized controlled trial of Xueshuantong injection on myocardial injury and residual cardiovascular risk in patients with unstable a
Study Type
RCT
Purpose
Protocol for a randomized controlled trial of Xueshuantong injection on myocardial injury and residual cardiovascular risk in patients with unstable a
Dose
See study
Participants
Not specified
Duration
7 days
Results
CONCLUSION: This exploratory study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of XST in reducing myocardial injury and residual risk in UA patients, providing evidence for future large-scale confirmatory.
How They Measured It
PubMed PMID: 41195123. Front Cardiovasc Med
Efficacy of Xueshuantong Injection in Reducing Residual Inflammatory Risk in Unstable Angina Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial.
Study Type
RCT
Purpose
Efficacy of Xueshuantong Injection in Reducing Residual Inflammatory Risk in Unstable Angina Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial.
Dose
See study
Participants
59 participants
Duration
Not specified
Results
CONCLUSION: XST shows potential to reduce RIR in patients with UA and may inform anti-inflammatory management.
How They Measured It
PubMed PMID: 41111082. Chin J Integr Med
Immune Support
[Effects of Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula on the gut microbiota in elderly patients with pulmonary-derived sepsis based on 16S rDNA sequencing: a multicen
Study Type
RCT
Purpose
[Effects of Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula on the gut microbiota in elderly patients with pulmonary-derived sepsis based on 16S rDNA sequencing: a multicen
Dose
See study
Participants
Not specified
Duration
7 days
Results
CONCLUSION: YHJF combined with conventional therapy alters intestinal microbiota structure in patients with elderly pulmonary-derived sepsis, with Bacteroides, Erysipelatoclostridium, and Collinsell.
How They Measured It
PubMed PMID: 40819941. Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue
Cognitive Function
Advances of clinical trials on compound Danshen dripping pills for stable angina pectoris: A perspective.
Study Type
RCT
Purpose
Advances of clinical trials on compound Danshen dripping pills for stable angina pectoris: A perspective.
Dose
See study
Participants
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Results
Study results available at linked source.
How They Measured It
PubMed PMID: 40258733. Medicine (Baltimore)
Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Plant Extracts on Cognitive Function and Quality of Life in Stroke Patients.
Study Type
Meta-Analysis
Purpose
Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Plant Extracts on Cognitive Function and Quality of Life in Stroke Patients.
Dose
See study
Participants
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Results
Study results available at linked source.
How They Measured It
PubMed PMID: 40083108. Phytother Res
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about Panax Notoginseng research
There are currently 14 peer-reviewed studies on Panax Notoginseng (Panax notoginseng (Tienchi Ginseng / San Qi)), involving 59 total participants. Research covers Cardiovascular protection, Blood pressure support, Anti-platelet effects and 1 more areas. The overall evidence strength is rated as Strong.
The evidence is currently rated as "Strong Evidence". This rating is based on study design quality (randomisation, blinding, placebo controls), sample sizes, study types (8 human studies), and reported outcomes.
Panax Notoginseng has been researched for: Cardiovascular protection, Blood pressure support, Anti-platelet effects, Cerebrovascular health. Each area has its own body of evidence which you can explore in the study breakdowns above.
Yes, 8 out of 14 studies are human trials. Human trials carry more weight in our evidence scoring system.
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